The History Of Computer

MARK 1

http://www.computer50.org/kgill/mark1/mark1.jpg

MARK 1 is one of the early computer.It created in 1940s.MARK 1 also known as the IBM Automatic Sequences Controlled Calculator or ASCC.Each custom built for a particular purpose.After that,MARK II machines built by howard Aiken at Harvard University.It typically built using electromagnetic relays as the switching elements.But this relay made them very slow.To solve this problem,they replaced electromagnetic relays to vacuum tubes for switching-more faster.

EDVAC

http://gyre.umeoce.maine.edu/physicalocean/Tomczak/science+society/lectures/illustrations/lecture32/edvac1.jpg

In 1945,first operational stored-program was built.It used EDSAC (Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator) built by Maurices Wilkes who worked on EDVAC.Original EDVAC design was never built (it was eventually modified and built as Princeton's Institute for advanced Studies.(IAS machine)

ENIAC

http://occonline.occ.cccd.edu/online/tmurphy/eniac.jpg

ENIAC,one of the first electronic computers built in 1946 using vacuum tube technology.This computer built by John Maucly and J.Presper Echert at the Pennylsvania for the U.S Army Odnance Department's Ballistic Research Laboratories.U.S army used it to calculate bomb trajectories and later to help develop the hydrogen bomb.ENIAC was not a stored-program machines.This computer so heavy;about 30 tons.By using 18000 vacuum tubes and size 30 times 50,it was not a big deal to used.When it was first times operated,light dim to an entire section of Pennysvania because it needs 160 kilowatts to run.

THE TRANSISTOR & MICROPROCESSOR

http://www.computer50.org/kgill/transistor/trans2.gif

1947 was a new era for computers.William Shockey,John Bardeen and Walter invent the transfer resistance device,called transistor.It has revolutionite computers,proving much more reliable then vacuum tubes.

UNIVAC

http://www.computerhistory.org/timeline/images/1951_univac_large.jpg

UNIVAC was introduced by Ramington Rand in 1951.In that time,this computer was the first commersial available camputer,produced by Rand Corporation.It prototype based on the stored-program designs of the EDVAC and EDSAC,known as UNIVAC 1.(Universal Automatic Computer).First of the 46 of these machines were delivered to the U.S Census Bureau in 1951.

The following year,another UNIVAC found the spotlight as it was used to predict the outcome of Eisenhower-Stevenson presidential race on election light.With only 7% of the vote counted,the machine projected as win for Eisenhower with 438 electoral votes.

Referens: